Existentialism Is a Humanism

Jean-Paul Sartre's seminal 1945 lecture, "Existentialism Is a Humanism," offers a concise and accessible defense of his often-misunderstood philosophy. Delivered to clarify common misconceptions, the text quickly became a foundational work of existentialism, propelling Sartre to international renown. At its core, Sartre posits that for humanity, "existence precedes essence" – meaning we are born without inherent purpose or nature, and it is through our choices and actions that we define ourselves. In a godless universe, individuals are condemned to be free, bearing the immense responsibility for creating their own values and meaning. This radical freedom entails an inescapable commitment not only to oneself but to all of humankind, as each choice we make helps shape the kind of world we believe ought to exist. Far from being a philosophy of despair, Sartre argues existentialism is a doctrine of action, empowering individuals to take ownership of their lives and forge authentic existences.